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Cytomegalovirus infection

MedGen UID:
8239
•Concept ID:
C0010823
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: CMV infection
SNOMED CT: CMV - Cytomegalovirus infection (28944009); Disease due to Cytomegalovirus (28944009); Cytomegalovirus disease (28944009); Cytomegalovirus infection (28944009); Cytomegalic inclusion disease (28944009)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0005132

Definition

A herpesvirus infection caused by Cytomegalovirus. Healthy individuals generally do not produce symptoms. However, the infection may be life-threatening in affected immunocompromised patients. The virus may cause retinitis, esophagitis, gastritis, and colitis. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of intranuclear inclusion bodies. [from NCI]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Congenital cytomegalovirus infection diagnostics and management.
Pinninti S, Boppana S
Curr Opin Infect Dis 2022 Oct 1;35(5):436-441. Epub 2022 Aug 19 doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000874. PMID: 35984001Free PMC Article
Cytomegalovirus Infection in Pregnancy: Prevention, Presentation, Management and Neonatal Outcomes.
Pesch MH, Saunders NA, Abdelnabi S
J Midwifery Womens Health 2021 May;66(3):397-402. Epub 2021 May 24 doi: 10.1111/jmwh.13228. PMID: 34031974
Guidelines for the management of cytomegalovirus infection in patients with haematological malignancies and after stem cell transplantation from the 2017 European Conference on Infections in Leukaemia (ECIL 7).
Ljungman P, de la Camara R, Robin C, Crocchiolo R, Einsele H, Hill JA, Hubacek P, Navarro D, Cordonnier C, Ward KN; 2017 European Conference on Infections in Leukaemia group
Lancet Infect Dis 2019 Aug;19(8):e260-e272. Epub 2019 May 29 doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(19)30107-0. PMID: 31153807

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Efficacy and safety of extended duration letermovir prophylaxis in recipients of haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation at risk of cytomegalovirus infection: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.
Russo D, Schmitt M, Pilorge S, Stelljes M, Kawakita T, Teal VL, Haber B, Bopp C, Dadwal SS, Badshah C
Lancet Haematol 2024 Feb;11(2):e127-e135. Epub 2023 Dec 21 doi: 10.1016/S2352-3026(23)00344-7. PMID: 38142695
The effect of valacyclovir on secondary prevention of congenital cytomegalovirus infection, following primary maternal infection acquired periconceptionally or in the first trimester of pregnancy. An individual patient data meta-analysis.
Chatzakis C, Shahar-Nissan K, Faure-Bardon V, Picone O, Hadar E, Amir J, Egloff C, Vivanti A, Sotiriadis A, Leruez-Ville M, Ville Y
Am J Obstet Gynecol 2024 Feb;230(2):109-117.e2. Epub 2023 Jul 18 doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2023.07.022. PMID: 37473793
Congenital cytomegalovirus infection diagnostics and management.
Pinninti S, Boppana S
Curr Opin Infect Dis 2022 Oct 1;35(5):436-441. Epub 2022 Aug 19 doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000874. PMID: 35984001Free PMC Article
Valaciclovir to prevent vertical transmission of cytomegalovirus after maternal primary infection during pregnancy: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Shahar-Nissan K, Pardo J, Peled O, Krause I, Bilavsky E, Wiznitzer A, Hadar E, Amir J
Lancet 2020 Sep 12;396(10253):779-785. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31868-7. PMID: 32919517
Outcome and management of newborns with congenital cytomegalovirus infection.
Nicloux M, Peterman L, Parodi M, Magny JF
Arch Pediatr 2020 Apr;27(3):160-165. Epub 2020 Feb 29 doi: 10.1016/j.arcped.2020.01.006. PMID: 32127242

Diagnosis

Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Prevention of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection.
Sartori P, Egloff C, Hcini N, Vauloup Fellous C, Périllaud-Dubois C, Picone O, Pomar L
Viruses 2023 Mar 23;15(4) doi: 10.3390/v15040819. PMID: 37112800Free PMC Article
Vestibular and postural impairment in congenital Cytomegalovirus infection.
Corazzi V, Hatzopoulos S, Bianchini C, Skarżyńska MB, Pelucchi S, Skarżyński PH, Ciorba A
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2022 Jan;152:111005. Epub 2021 Dec 7 doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2021.111005. PMID: 34894538
Outcome and management of newborns with congenital cytomegalovirus infection.
Nicloux M, Peterman L, Parodi M, Magny JF
Arch Pediatr 2020 Apr;27(3):160-165. Epub 2020 Feb 29 doi: 10.1016/j.arcped.2020.01.006. PMID: 32127242
Preventing Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection.
Coleman JL, Steele RW
Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2017 Oct;56(12):1085-1094. Epub 2017 Aug 21 doi: 10.1177/0009922817724400. PMID: 28825308
Congenital cytomegalovirus infection.
Bale JF Jr
Handb Clin Neurol 2014;123:319-26. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-53488-0.00015-8. PMID: 25015493

Therapy

Efficacy and safety of extended duration letermovir prophylaxis in recipients of haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation at risk of cytomegalovirus infection: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.
Russo D, Schmitt M, Pilorge S, Stelljes M, Kawakita T, Teal VL, Haber B, Bopp C, Dadwal SS, Badshah C
Lancet Haematol 2024 Feb;11(2):e127-e135. Epub 2023 Dec 21 doi: 10.1016/S2352-3026(23)00344-7. PMID: 38142695
Treatment for First Cytomegalovirus Infection Post-Hematopoietic Cell Transplant in the AURORA Trial: A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randomized, Phase 3 Trial Comparing Maribavir With Valganciclovir.
Papanicolaou GA, Avery RK, Cordonnier C, Duarte RF, Haider S, Maertens J, Peggs KS, Solano C, Young JH, Fournier M, Murray RA, Wu J, Winston DJ; AURORA Trial Investigators
Clin Infect Dis 2024 Mar 20;78(3):562-572. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciad709. PMID: 38036487Free PMC Article
The effect of valacyclovir on secondary prevention of congenital cytomegalovirus infection, following primary maternal infection acquired periconceptionally or in the first trimester of pregnancy. An individual patient data meta-analysis.
Chatzakis C, Shahar-Nissan K, Faure-Bardon V, Picone O, Hadar E, Amir J, Egloff C, Vivanti A, Sotiriadis A, Leruez-Ville M, Ville Y
Am J Obstet Gynecol 2024 Feb;230(2):109-117.e2. Epub 2023 Jul 18 doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2023.07.022. PMID: 37473793
Progress and Challenges in the Prevention, Diagnosis, and Management of Cytomegalovirus Infection in Transplantation.
Limaye AP, Babu TM, Boeckh M
Clin Microbiol Rev 2020 Dec 16;34(1) Epub 2020 Oct 28 doi: 10.1128/CMR.00043-19. PMID: 33115722Free PMC Article
Valaciclovir to prevent vertical transmission of cytomegalovirus after maternal primary infection during pregnancy: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Shahar-Nissan K, Pardo J, Peled O, Krause I, Bilavsky E, Wiznitzer A, Hadar E, Amir J
Lancet 2020 Sep 12;396(10253):779-785. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31868-7. PMID: 32919517

Prognosis

Posttransplant cyclophosphamide is associated with increased cytomegalovirus infection: a CIBMTR analysis.
Goldsmith SR, Abid MB, Auletta JJ, Bashey A, Beitinjaneh A, Castillo P, Chemaly RF, Chen M, Ciurea S, Dandoy CE, Díaz MÁ, Fuchs E, Ganguly S, Kanakry CG, Kanakry JA, Kim S, Komanduri KV, Krem MM, Lazarus HM, Liu H, Ljungman P, Masiarz R, Mulroney C, Nathan S, Nishihori T, Page KM, Perales MA, Taplitz R, Romee R, Riches M
Blood 2021 Jun 10;137(23):3291-3305. doi: 10.1182/blood.2020009362. PMID: 33657221Free PMC Article
Two-year outcomes in de novo renal transplant recipients receiving everolimus-facilitated calcineurin inhibitor reduction regimen from the TRANSFORM study.
Berger SP, Sommerer C, Witzke O, Tedesco H, Chadban S, Mulgaonkar S, Qazi Y, de Fijter JW, Oppenheimer F, Cruzado JM, Watarai Y, Massari P, Legendre C, Citterio F, Henry M, Srinivas TR, Vincenti F, Gutierrez MPH, Marti AM, Bernhardt P, Pascual J; TRANSFORM investigators
Am J Transplant 2019 Nov;19(11):3018-3034. Epub 2019 Jul 1 doi: 10.1111/ajt.15480. PMID: 31152476
Congenital Cytomegalovirus infection: advances and challenges in diagnosis, prevention and treatment.
Marsico C, Kimberlin DW
Ital J Pediatr 2017 Apr 17;43(1):38. doi: 10.1186/s13052-017-0358-8. PMID: 28416012Free PMC Article
Cytomegalovirus infection.
Pass RF
Pediatr Rev 2002 May;23(5):163-70. doi: 10.1542/pir.23-5-163. PMID: 11986492
Pediatric cytomegalovirus infection.
Britt WJ, Pass RF, Stagno S, Alford CA
Transplant Proc 1991 Jun;23(3 Suppl 3):115-7. PMID: 1648812

Clinical prediction guides

Letermovir treatment of cytomegalovirus infection or disease in solid organ and hematopoietic cell transplant recipients.
Linder KA, Kovacs C, Mullane KM, Wolfe C, Clark NM, La Hoz RM, Smith J, Kotton CN, Limaye AP, Malinis M, Hakki M, Mishkin A, Gonzalez AA, Prono MD, Ostrander D, Avery R, Kaul DR
Transpl Infect Dis 2021 Aug;23(4):e13687. Epub 2021 Jul 20 doi: 10.1111/tid.13687. PMID: 34251742
Early-childhood cytomegalovirus infection and children's neurocognitive development.
Lee SM, Mitchell R, Knight JA, Mazzulli T, Relton C, Khodayari Moez E, Hung RJ
Int J Epidemiol 2021 May 17;50(2):538-549. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyaa232. PMID: 33306803
Outcome and management of newborns with congenital cytomegalovirus infection.
Nicloux M, Peterman L, Parodi M, Magny JF
Arch Pediatr 2020 Apr;27(3):160-165. Epub 2020 Feb 29 doi: 10.1016/j.arcped.2020.01.006. PMID: 32127242
Cytomegalovirus infection during pregnancy: state of the science.
Leruez-Ville M, Foulon I, Pass R, Ville Y
Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020 Sep;223(3):330-349. Epub 2020 Feb 24 doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.02.018. PMID: 32105678
Sex differences in pediatric infectious diseases.
Muenchhoff M, Goulder PJ
J Infect Dis 2014 Jul 15;209 Suppl 3(Suppl 3):S120-6. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiu232. PMID: 24966192Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Association between cytomegalovirus infection and neurological disorders: A systematic review.
Sanami S, Shamsabadi S, Dayhimi A, Pirhayati M, Ahmad S, Pirhayati A, Ajami M, Hemati S, Shirvani M, Alagha A, Abbarin D, Alizadeh A, Pazoki-Toroudi H
Rev Med Virol 2024 May;34(3):e2532. doi: 10.1002/rmv.2532. PMID: 38549138
Risk factors for invasive fungal infections after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Biyun L, Yahui H, Yuanfang L, Xifeng G, Dao W
Clin Microbiol Infect 2024 May;30(5):601-610. Epub 2024 Jan 26 doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2024.01.005. PMID: 38280518
Cytomegalovirus Infection in Pregnancy Prevention and Treatment Options: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Rybak-Krzyszkowska M, Górecka J, Huras H, Massalska-Wolska M, Staśkiewicz M, Gach A, Kondracka A, Staniczek J, Górczewski W, Borowski D, Jaczyńska R, Grzesiak M, Krzeszowski W
Viruses 2023 Oct 24;15(11) doi: 10.3390/v15112142. PMID: 38005820Free PMC Article
Effectiveness and safety of prenatal valacyclovir for congenital cytomegalovirus infection: systematic review and meta-analysis.
D'Antonio F, Marinceu D, Prasad S, Khalil A
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2023 Apr;61(4):436-444. doi: 10.1002/uog.26136. PMID: 36484439
Severe cytomegalovirus infection in apparently immunocompetent patients: a systematic review.
Rafailidis PI, Mourtzoukou EG, Varbobitis IC, Falagas ME
Virol J 2008 Mar 27;5:47. doi: 10.1186/1743-422X-5-47. PMID: 18371229Free PMC Article

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